Article
1.
All human
beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are
endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one
another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Article
2.
Everyone
is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration,
without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall
be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international
status of the country or territory to which a person belongs,
whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under
any other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3.
Everyone
has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
Article 4.
No one shall
be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall
be prohibited in all their forms.
Article 5.
No one shall
be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment
or punishment.
Article 6.
Everyone
has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the
law.
Article 7.
All are equal
before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to
equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection
against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and
against any incitement to such discrimination.
Article 8.
Everyone
has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national
tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him
by the constitution or by law.
Article 9.
No one shall
be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
Article 10.
Everyone
is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an
independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his
rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
Article 11.
(1) Everyone
charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent
until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which
he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
(2) No one
shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act
or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national
or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall
a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable
at the time the penal offence was committed.
Article 12.
No one shall
be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family,
home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation.
Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such
interference or attacks.
Article 13.
(1) Everyone
has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the
borders of each state.
(2) Everyone
has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to
return to his country.
Article 14.
(1) Everyone
has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from
persecution.
(2) This
right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely
arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the
purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 15.
(1) Everyone
has the right to a nationality.
(2) No one
shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the
right to change his nationality.
Article 16.
(1) Men and
women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality
or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They
are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and
at its dissolution.
(2) Marriage
shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the
intending spouses.
(3) The family
is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled
to protection by society and the State.
Article 17.
(1) Everyone
has the right to own property alone as well as in association
with others.
(2) No one
shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
Article 18.
Everyone
has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion;
this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief,
and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public
or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice,
worship and observance.
Article 19.
Everyone
has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right
includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to
seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media
and regardless of frontiers.
Article 20.
(1) Everyone
has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
(2) No one
may be compelled to belong to an association.
Article 21.
(1) Everyone
has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly
or through freely chosen representatives.
(2) Everyone
has the right of equal access to public service in his country.
(3) The will
of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government;
this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections
which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held
by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.
Article 22.
Everyone,
as a member of society, has the right to social security and is
entitled to realization, through national effort and international
co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources
of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable
for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
Article 23.
(1) Everyone
has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and
favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
(2) Everyone,
without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal
work.
(3) Everyone
who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring
for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity,
and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
(4) Everyone
has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection
of his interests.
Article 24.
Everyone
has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation
of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
Article 25.
(1) Everyone
has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health
and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing,
housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the
right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability,
widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control.
(2) Motherhood
and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All
children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same
social protection.
Article 26.
(1) Everyone
has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least
in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education
shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall
be made generally available and higher education shall be equally
accessible to all on the basis of merit.
(2) Education
shall be directed to the full development of the human personality
and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental
freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship
among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further
the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
(3) Parents
have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall
be given to their children.
Article 27.
(1) Everyone
has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the
community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement
and its benefits.
(2) Everyone
has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests
resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production
of which he is the author.
Article 28.
Everyone
is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights
and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.
Article 29.
(1) Everyone
has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development
of his personality is possible.
(2) In the
exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject
only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the
purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights
and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of
morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic
society.
(3) These
rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the
purposes and principles of the United Nations.
Article 30.
Nothing in
this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State,
group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform
any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms
set forth herein.
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